Which part of the ABCD model is tied to all the steps of the 5-step ORM process?

The correct answer, relating to the ABCD model in the context of the 5-step ORM process, is the component that emphasizes the importance of effective communication. Communicating to others is integral to every step of the ORM process because it ensures that everyone involved is aware of the hazards, understands the associated risks, and is informed about the risk mitigation strategies that are deployed.

In particular, throughout the five steps of ORM—identifying hazards, assessing risk, analyzing risk control measures, making control decisions, and implementing controls—communication is essential. Good communication allows for the dissemination of information regarding identified hazards and the corresponding risks to all stakeholders, fostering a shared understanding of safety procedures and promoting a culture of safety. Effective communication also ensures that everyone is updated on any changes to risk assessments or control measures that may arise during operations.

This connectivity to all steps reinforces the fact that ORM is not just a solitary exercise but rather a collaborative process that requires input and understanding from multiple parties to be effective. Consequently, without proper communication, the effectiveness of the risk management strategies could be significantly diminished, leading to potential oversights or misunderstandings about operational risks.